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DOI: https://doi.org/10.63345/ijrmp.v9.i6.3
Shaik Saleem
Research Scholar
Faculty of Allied & Health Sciences
Dr. C.K. Senthil Kumar
Research Guide
Faculty of Allied & Health Sciences
Abstract— Colour vision is a fundamental component of human visual perception, enabling the discrimination of objects, interpretation of visual signals, and interaction with the environment. The scientific understanding of colour vision has evolved through multiple theoretical frameworks, most notably the Trichromatic Theory, Opponent-Process Theory, and contemporary integrative models. These theories have not only shaped the conceptual foundations of visual science but have also profoundly influenced the development of diagnostic tools and assessment techniques used in modern optometric practice. This analytical study examines major colour vision theories, tracing their historical development, physiological basis, and empirical validation, and critically evaluates their influence on contemporary optometric assessment methods. The paper highlights how theoretical advances have guided the design, interpretation, and clinical application of colour vision tests, including pseudoisochromatic plates, anomaloscopes, arrangement tests, and modern digital diagnostics. The study argues that a theory-informed approach is essential for accurate diagnosis, classification, and management of colour vision deficiencies. The paper concludes by emphasizing the continued relevance of colour vision theories in advancing optometric assessment, education, and clinical decision-making.
Keywords: Colour vision theories, Trichromatic theory, Opponent-process theory, Optometric assessment, Colour vision deficiency, Visual perception
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