Rehabilitation Strategies for Fall Prevention in Older Adults

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.63345/ijrmp.v14.i11.4

Dr T. Aswini

KL University

Vadeshawaram, A.P., India

aswini.oleti@gmail.com

Abstract

Falls among older adults represent a leading cause of injury, loss of independence, and healthcare utilization worldwide. Effective rehabilitation strategies targeting intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors are essential to reduce fall incidence and associated morbidity. This systematic review examines tailored exercise interventions (e.g., balance training, gait retraining, strength conditioning), multifactorial programs combining physical, environmental, and educational components, and emerging technology‐assisted modalities (e.g., virtual reality, wearable sensors) designed to optimize postural control and functional mobility. Data from 30 randomized controlled trials and cohort studies (2005–2025) demonstrate that balance‐focused exercise reduces fall rates by up to 42%, while combined interventions enhance adherence and sustain functional gains. Technology‐assisted training shows promise in increasing engagement and providing real‐time feedback, though accessibility barriers persist. Key determinants of program success include individualized risk assessment, progression of challenge, and integration of home and community settings. We propose a tiered rehabilitation framework—initiating with low‐intensity balance and strength exercises, progressing to task‐specific gait training, and incorporating environmental modifications and technology aids—to comprehensively address multifactorial fall risk. Implementation of this evidence‐based model may substantially decrease fall incidence, improve quality of life, and alleviate healthcare burdens in aging populations.

Keywords
Fall prevention, older adults, balance training, gait retraining, strength conditioning, multifactorial intervention, virtual reality, wearable sensors, rehabilitation framework

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